If one's quality indicates another then it's called النَّعْتُ السَّبَبِيُّ Example,
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It's a restaurant whose food is delicious |
هَذَا مَطْعَمٌ لَذِيذٌ طَعَامُهُ |
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This is a country whose people are kind. |
هَذَا بَلَدٌ كِرامٌ أَهْلُهُ |
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These are two brothers whose father is kind. |
هَذانِ وَلَدانِ كَرِيمٌ أبُوهُما |
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I love that country whose administrators are lawful. |
أُحِبُّ الْبَلَدَ الْعادِلَ حَاكِمُهُ |
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The man came whose brother is gentle. |
جَاءَ الرَّجُلُ الْفَاضِلُ أَخُوهُ |
In the first sentence adjective “delicious” is not the quality of restaurant, rather it is the quality of food. Similarly, in the second sentence, “kind” is not the quality of country, rather it is the quality of people. In case of النَّعْتُ السَّبَبِيُّ some issues are noted:
a) النَّعْتُ السَّبَبِيُّ accept the case and definiteness of its previous ism, but for gender and number it follows its next ism.
b) The next ism of النَّعْتُ السَّبَبِيُّ is always marfu and a pronoun remains with it whose gender and number follow the previous ism.
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