If the doer and the tense is dropped from the verb then the name of verb is remained, this ‘name of verb’ is called اَلْمَصْدَرُ . In English it is called Gerund/Verbal Noun. Example, نَصَرَ meaning he helped and its masder نَصْـرٌ means help. In the case of three letters verb the masder do not have any regular pattern, they can be of different types. As for example - قَتَلَ to قَتْلٌ , كَتَبَ to كِتَابَةٌ ، دَخَلَ to دُخُوْلٌ ، شَرِبَ to شُرْبٌ , نَجَحَ to نَجَاحٌ , شَرَحَ to شَرْحٌ , غَابَ to غِيَابٌ etc. When we will learn any verb, we will see its masder from dictionary. Since masder are ism so they can have اَلْ and tanween on it.
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No entry |
اَلدُّجُوْلُ مَمْنُوْعٌ |
|
Hamid got out before the teacher’s leaving. |
خَرَجَ حَامِدٌ قَبْلَ خُرُوْجِ الْمُدَرِّسِ |
|
Learning knowledge is compulsory upon every Muslim. |
طَلَبُ الْعِلْمِ فَرِيْضَةٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ |
|
Fitna is dangerous than killing. |
الْفِتْنَةُ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ |
الْمَصْدَرُ of some three letters verb
|
Meaning |
المَصْدَرُ |
الْمَاضِي |
|
Learning |
طَلَبٌ |
طَلَبَ |
|
Entry |
دُخُوْلٌ |
دَخَلَ |
|
Killing |
قَتْلٌ |
قَتَلَ |
|
Turbulence |
فَسَادٌ |
فَسَدَ |
|
Getting out |
خُرُوْجٌ |
خَرَجَ |
|
Judging |
حُكْمٌ |
حَكَمَ |
|
Sitting |
قُعُوْدٌ |
قَعَدَ |
|
Leaving someone |
تَرْكٌ |
تَرَكَ |
|
Breaching treaty |
نَقْضٌ |
نَقَضَ |
|
Looking |
نَظْرٌ |
نَظَرَ |
|
Disbelieving |
كُفْرٌ |
كَفَرَ |
|
Lesson |
دَرْسٌ |
دَرَسَ |
|
going |
ذَهَابٌ |
ذَهَبَ |
|
Reaching |
بُلُوْغٌ |
بَلَغَ |
|
gratefulness |
شُكْرٌ |
شَكَرَ |
|
Speak |
قَوْلٌ |
قَالَ |
|
Confession of sin |
تَوْبَةٌ |
تَابَ |
|
Belief in the plurality of God |
شِرْكٌ |
شَرَكَ |
|
Covering |
غُلْفٌ |
غَلَفَ |
Quranic Example:
[Some of the following Masder is in Mansub state which will be discussed later in detail. Now we will see the uses of Masder in Quran only]
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Why do the rabbis and religious scholars not forbid them from saying what is sinful and devouring what is unlawful? 5:63 |
لَوْلَا يَنْهَاهُمُ الرَّبَّانِيُّونَ وَالْأَحْبَارُ عَن قَوْلِهِمُ الْإِثْمَ وَأَكْلِهِمُ السُّحْتَ |
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O you who have believed, repent to Allah with sincere repentance. 66:8 |
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا تُوبُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ تَوْبَةً نَّصُوحًا |
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And his soul permitted to him the murder of his brother, so he killed him 5:30 |
فَطَوَّعَتْ لَهُ نَفْسُهُ قَتْلَ أَخِيهِ فَقَتَلَهُ |
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Indeed, association [with him] is great injustice." 31:13 |
إِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ |
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And they said, "Our hearts are wrapped. 2:88 |
وَقَالُوا قُلُوبُنَا غُلْفٌ ۚ |
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And they brought upon his shirt false blood 12:18 |
وَجَاءُوا عَلَىٰ قَمِيصِهِ بِدَمٍ كَذِبٍ |
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That is the Book, there is no suspicion about it, a guidance to the pious. 2:2 |
ذَٰلِكَ الْكِتَابُ لَا رَيْبَ ۛ فِيهِ ۛ هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ |
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so I took a handful (of dust) from the hoof print of the messenger 20:96 |
فَقَبَضْتُ قَبْضَةً مِّنْ أَثَرِ الرَّسُولِ |
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Then this is ˹truly˺ a biased distribution! 53:22 |
تِلْكَ إِذًا قِسْمَةٌ ضِيزَىٰ |
|
and the cavalcade (of riders) was below you 8:42 |
وَالرَّكْبُ أَسْفَلَ مِنكُمْ ۚ |
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And perfected is the Word of your Lord in sincerity and justice 6:115 |
وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ صِدْقًا وَعَدْلًا ۚ |
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and He has made disbelief, and (evident) immorality, and allstubborn disobedience hateful to you. 49:7 |
وَكَرَّهَ إِلَيْكُمُ الْكُفْرَ وَالْفُسُوقَ وَالْعِصْيَانَ |
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We send down rain from the sky in perfect measure, causing it to soak into the earth. And We are surely able to take it away. 23:18 |
وَأَنزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً بِقَدَرٍ فَأَسْكَنَّاهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ ۖ وَإِنَّا عَلَىٰ ذَهَابٍ بِهِ لَقَادِرُونَ |
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A release by God and His Messenger from the treaty you [believers] made with the idolaters [is announced]–– 9:1 |
بَرَاءَةٌ مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ إِلَى الَّذِينَ عَاهَدتُّم مِّنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ |
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So (endure) patiently what they say and extol with the praise of your Lord 50:39 |
فَاصْبِرْ عَلَىٰ مَا يَقُولُونَ وَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ |
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And say, "Lord! Cause me to enter a sincere entry and cause me to go out a sincere outgoing, and make for me, from very close to You, a ready vindicating all - binding authority." 17:80 |
وَقُل رَّبِّ أَدْخِلْنِي مُدْخَلَ صِدْقٍ وَأَخْرِجْنِي مُخْرَجَ صِدْقٍ وَاجْعَل لِّي مِن لَّدُنكَ سُلْطَانًا نَّصِيرًا |
الْمَصْدَرُ sometimes act like verb. Example,
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Zayed has beaten Khaled hardly. |
ضَرْبُ زَيْدٍ خَالِدًا شَدِيْدٌ جِدًّا |
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I am surprised that he has beaten Zayed. |
عَجِبْتُ مِنْ ضَرْبٍ زَيدًا |
|
If Allah would not prevent one by other. |
وَلَوْلَا دَفْعُ اللَّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُم |
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