Some incident which did not happen because of the presence of some reason, in this case, this word لَوْلَا is used. example- لَوْلَا الشَّمْسُ لَهَلَكَتِ الأَرْضُ Had there not been the sun , the earth would have been destroyed.
Here, الشَّمْسُ – is mubtada لَهَلَكتِ الأَرْضُ is جَوَابُ لَوْلَا
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If Allah had not decreed a fixed time for them, they would have been punished in this world. |
وَلَوْلَا أَنْ كَتَبَ اللَّـهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْجَلَاءَ لَعَذَّبَهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا |
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If there had not been pre decision and fixed time from your lord, the punishment would have been certain. |
وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَكَانَ لِزَامًا وَأَجَلٌ مُّسَمًّى |
جَوَابُ لَوْلَا is verbal sentence and past tense. If it is negative there will be no لَ . Example-
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If I had not an exam, I would be present there. |
لَوْلَا الاِخْتِبَارُ مَا حَضَرْتُ اليَوْمَ |
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If Allah had not wished, we would not be Muslim. |
لَوْلَا شَاءَ اللهُ مَا كُنَّا مِنَ الْمسْلِمِيْنَ |
The nominal sentence can come instead of mubtada.
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If the weather had not been so hot, I would be in the lecture. |
لَوْلَا أَنَّ الجَوَّ حَارٌ لَحَضَرْتُ الْمُحَاضَرَةَ |
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If I had not been sick, I would go with you. |
لَوْلَا أَنَّنِي مَرِيْضٌ لَسَافَرْتُ مَعَكَ |
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