In past tense, in the passive form of a verb, the ع letter will have jer on it and the ل letter will have jabr on it (ila). Any letter before it will have pesh on it unless it has a sukoon on it.
|
Past |
Passive verb |
Active verb |
|
He has been done |
فُعِلَ |
فَعَلَ |
|
He has been helped |
نُصِرَ |
نَصَرَ |
|
He has been listened |
سُمِعَ |
سَمِعَ |
|
He has been descended. |
أُنْزِلَ |
أَنْزَلَ |
|
He has been descended. |
نُزِّلَ |
نَزَّلَ |
|
He has been used. |
اُسْتُخْدِمَ |
اِسْتَخْدَمَ |
|
He has been used. |
اُسْتُعْمِلَ |
اِسْتَعْمَلَ |
|
He has been called. |
نُوْدِيَ |
نَادَى |
أَنْزَلَ ، ، نَزَّلَ إِسْتَخْدَمَ ، نَادَى etc those who have more than three letters, those are called majid verb. We will see the details in chapter-25 in sha Allah.
For present tense in the passive form of a verb the ع letter will have jabr on it and the ل letter will have pesh on it (alu). Any letter before it except harfu mudaria will have jabr on it unless it have a sukoon on it. In case of both madi and mudari, the first letter will have pesh on it.
|
Present/ Future |
Passive verb |
Active verb |
|
He is/ will be helped |
يُنْصَرُ |
يَنْصُرُ |
|
He is/ will be beaten |
يُضْرَبُ |
يَضْرِبُ |
|
It is/ will be descended |
يُنْزَلُ |
يَنْزِلُ |
|
It is/ will be descended |
يُنَزَّلُ |
يُنَزِّلُ |
|
He is/ will be used |
يُسْتَعْمَلُ |
يَسْتَعْمِلُ |
** point to be noted the passive verbs are mabni.
Change of passive verb with the doer.
|
Verb of Past Tense |
||
|
نُصِرُوْا |
نُصِرَا |
نُصِرَ |
|
نُصِرْنَ |
نُصِرَتَا |
نُصِرَتْ |
|
نُصِرْتُمْ |
نُصِرْتُمَا |
نُصِرْتَ |
|
نُصِرْتُنَّ |
نُصِرْتُمَا |
نُصِرْتِ |
|
نُصِرْنَا |
|
نُصِرْتُ |
|
Verb of Present Tense |
||
|
يُنْصَرُوْنَ |
يُنْصَرَانِ |
يُنْصَرُ |
|
يُنْصَرْنَ |
تُنْصَرَانِ |
تُنْصَرُ |
|
تُنْصَرُوْنَ |
تُنْصَرَانِ |
تُنْصَرُ |
|
تُنْصَرْنَ |
تُنْصَرَانِ |
تُنْصَرِيْنَ |
|
نُنْصَرُ |
|
أُنْصَرُ |
Some example of passive verb
|
Man was created from clay |
خُلِقَ الْإنْسَانُ مِنْ طِيْنٍ |
|
In which year did you born? |
فِيْ اَيِّ عَامٍ وُلِدْتَ؟ |
|
He neither begets nor is born |
لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُوْلَدْ. |
|
What was Amina asked? |
عَمَّ سُئِلَتْ اَمِنَةُ؟ |
|
Does man think that they will be left if they say we believe and they will not be tested? |
أَحَسِبَ النَّاسُ أَن يُتْرَكُوا أَن يَقُولُوا آمَنَّا وَهُمْ لَا يُفْتَنُونَ |
|
Jannat is surrounded by disliked items and Jahannam is surrounded by liked items |
حُفَّتِ الْجَنَّةُ بِالْمَكَارِهِ وَحُفَّتِ النَّارُ بِالشَّهَوَاتِ |
|
Certainly when the soul is overtaken the sight follow it. |
إنَّ الرُّوحَ إذاَ قُبِضَ تَبِعَهُ الْبَصَرُ |
Converting from active to passive
When active is converted to passive the fayil will go away and its mafulun bihi will be changed to nayebe fayil.نَائِبُ الفَاعِلِ is that upon which الْفِعْلُ الْمَجْهُوْلُ works. It is always marfu. Example-
|
نَائِبُ الفَاعِلِ |
اَلْفِعْلُ الْمَجْهُوْلُ Passive |
اَلْفِعْلُ الْمَعْلُومُ Active |
|
الْإنْسَانُ |
خُلِقَ الْإنْسَانُ مِنْ طِيْنٍ |
خَلَقَ اللهُ الْإنْسَانَ مِنْ طِيْنٍ |
|
الدَّرْسُ |
يُشْرَحُ الدَّرْسُ مَرَّتَيْنِ |
يَشْرَحُ الْمُدَرِّسُ الدَّرْسَ مَرَّتَيْنِ |
|
الْمَسِيْحُ |
مَا صُلِبَ الْمَسِيْحُ |
مَا صَلَبَ اليَهُوْدُ الْمَسِيْحَ |
|
القَهْوَةُ |
صُبَّ القَهْوَةُ فِي الفَنَاجِيْنِ |
صَبَّ الرَّجُلُ القَهْوَةَ فِي الفَنَاجِيْنِ |
If mafulun bihi is pronoun then نَائِبُ الفَاعِلِ will come as marfu of the pronoun.
|
نَائِبُ الفَاعِلِ |
اَلْفِعْلُ الْمَجْهُوْلُ Passive |
اَلْفِعْلُ الْمَعْلُومُ Active |
|
تَ |
عَمَّ سُئِلْتَ؟ |
عَمَّ سَأَلَكَ الْمُدِيْرُ؟ |
|
وْ |
قُتِلُوا بِالْمُسَدَّسِ |
قَتَلَهُم الْمُجْرِمُ بِالْمُسَدَّسِ |
|
وْ |
لَا يُسْأَلُونَ عَنْ سَبَبِ |
لَا يَسْأَلُهُم أحَدٌ عَنْ سَبَبِ |
|
نَا |
ضُرِبْنَا بِا لْعَصَا |
ضَرَبَنَا الرَّجُلُ بِا لْعَصَا |
If there are more than one object, first mafulun bihi will be marfu as nayibu fayil and the second one will remain mansub. Example,
|
The one who passed was awarded. |
أُعْطِيَ النَّاجِحُ جَائِزَةً |
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