In past tense, in the passive form of a verb, the ع letter will have jer on it and the ل letter will have jabr on it (ila). Any letter before it will have pesh on it unless it has a sukoon on it.

Past

Passive verb

Active verb

He has been done

فُعِلَ

فَعَلَ

He has been helped

نُصِرَ

نَصَرَ

He has been listened

سُمِعَ

سَمِعَ

He has been  descended.

أُنْزِلَ

أَنْزَلَ

He has been descended.

نُزِّلَ

نَزَّلَ

He has been used.

اُسْتُخْدِمَ

اِسْتَخْدَمَ

He has been used.

اُسْتُعْمِلَ

اِسْتَعْمَلَ

He has been called.

نُوْدِيَ

نَادَى

 

أَنْزَلَ ، ، نَزَّلَ   إِسْتَخْدَمَ ، نَادَى  etc those who have more than three letters, those are called majid verb. We will see the details in chapter-25 in sha Allah.

 

 For present tense in the passive form of a verb the  ع letter will have jabr on it and the ل  letter will have pesh on it (alu). Any letter before it except harfu mudaria will have jabr on it unless it have a sukoon on it. In case of both madi and mudari, the first letter will have pesh on it.

 

Present/ Future

Passive verb

Active verb

He is/ will be helped

يُنْصَرُ

يَنْصُرُ

He is/ will be beaten

يُضْرَبُ

يَضْرِبُ

It is/ will be descended

يُنْزَلُ

يَنْزِلُ

It is/ will be descended

يُنَزَّلُ

يُنَزِّلُ

He is/ will be used

يُسْتَعْمَلُ

يَسْتَعْمِلُ

 

** point to be noted the passive verbs are mabni.

 

Change of passive verb with the doer.

Verb of Past Tense

نُصِرُوْا

نُصِرَا

نُصِرَ

نُصِرْنَ

نُصِرَتَا

نُصِرَتْ

نُصِرْتُمْ

نُصِرْتُمَا

نُصِرْتَ

نُصِرْتُنَّ

نُصِرْتُمَا

نُصِرْتِ

نُصِرْنَا

 

نُصِرْتُ

 

Verb of Present Tense

يُنْصَرُوْنَ

يُنْصَرَانِ

يُنْصَرُ

يُنْصَرْنَ

تُنْصَرَانِ

تُنْصَرُ

تُنْصَرُوْنَ

تُنْصَرَانِ

تُنْصَرُ

تُنْصَرْنَ

تُنْصَرَانِ

تُنْصَرِيْنَ

نُنْصَرُ

 

أُنْصَرُ

 

Some example of passive verb

Man was created from clay

خُلِقَ الْإنْسَانُ مِنْ طِيْنٍ

In which year did you born?

فِيْ اَيِّ عَامٍ وُلِدْتَ؟

He neither begets nor is born         

لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُوْلَدْ.

What was Amina asked?

عَمَّ سُئِلَتْ اَمِنَةُ؟

Does man think that they will be left if they say we believe and they will not be tested?

أَحَسِبَ النَّاسُ أَن يُتْرَكُوا أَن يَقُولُوا آمَنَّا وَهُمْ لَا يُفْتَنُونَ

Jannat is surrounded by disliked items and Jahannam is surrounded by liked items

حُفَّتِ الْجَنَّةُ بِالْمَكَارِهِ وَحُفَّتِ النَّارُ بِالشَّهَوَاتِ

Certainly when the soul is overtaken the sight follow it.

إنَّ الرُّوحَ إذاَ قُبِضَ تَبِعَهُ الْبَصَرُ

 

Converting from active to passive

When active is converted to passive the fayil will go away and its mafulun bihi will be changed to nayebe fayil.نَائِبُ الفَاعِلِ is that upon which الْفِعْلُ الْمَجْهُوْلُ works. It is always marfu.  Example-

نَائِبُ الفَاعِلِ

اَلْفِعْلُ الْمَجْهُوْلُ

Passive

اَلْفِعْلُ الْمَعْلُومُ

Active

الْإنْسَانُ

خُلِقَ الْإنْسَانُ مِنْ طِيْنٍ

خَلَقَ اللهُ الْإنْسَانَ مِنْ طِيْنٍ

الدَّرْسُ

يُشْرَحُ الدَّرْسُ مَرَّتَيْنِ

يَشْرَحُ الْمُدَرِّسُ الدَّرْسَ مَرَّتَيْنِ

الْمَسِيْحُ

مَا صُلِبَ الْمَسِيْحُ

مَا صَلَبَ اليَهُوْدُ الْمَسِيْحَ

القَهْوَةُ

صُبَّ القَهْوَةُ فِي الفَنَاجِيْنِ

صَبَّ الرَّجُلُ القَهْوَةَ فِي الفَنَاجِيْنِ

 

If mafulun bihi is pronoun then نَائِبُ الفَاعِلِ will come as marfu of the pronoun.

نَائِبُ الفَاعِلِ

اَلْفِعْلُ الْمَجْهُوْلُ

Passive

اَلْفِعْلُ الْمَعْلُومُ

Active

تَ

عَمَّ سُئِلْتَ؟

عَمَّ سَأَلَكَ الْمُدِيْرُ؟

وْ

قُتِلُوا بِالْمُسَدَّسِ

قَتَلَهُم الْمُجْرِمُ بِالْمُسَدَّسِ

وْ

لَا يُسْأَلُونَ عَنْ سَبَبِ

لَا يَسْأَلُهُم أحَدٌ عَنْ سَبَبِ

نَا

ضُرِبْنَا بِا لْعَصَا

ضَرَبَنَا الرَّجُلُ بِا لْعَصَا

 

If there are more than one object, first mafulun bihi will be marfu as nayibu fayil and the second one will remain mansub. Example,

The one who passed was awarded.

أُعْطِيَ النَّاجِحُ جَائِزَةً

 

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