و , ا and ي are called حَرْفُ العِلَّةِ or weak letter. And that verb which does not have ‘harfu illat’ they are called فِعْلٌ صَحِيحٌ or strong verb. Strong verbs are of three types.
Strong Verb ( فِعْلٌ صَحِيحٌ )
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مُضَعَّفٌ |
مَهْمُوزٌ |
سَالِمٌ |
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ع kalima and ل kalima same |
أ in verb |
no أ in verb andع kalima & ل kalima not same |
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He did hajj |
حَجَّ |
He ate |
أَكَلَ |
He sat |
جَلَسَ |
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He hurt |
ضَرَّ |
He asked |
سَأَلَ |
He went |
ذَهَبَ |
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He thought |
ظَنَّ |
He read |
قَرَأَ |
He helped |
نَصَرَ |
Those verbs which contain ا , ي and و those are termed as weak verb الفِعْلُ الْمُعْتَلُّ. Example: قَالَ , رَاَى etc. In the written form of the weak verb, و is replaced with ا (alif) and ي is replaced with ا (alif) or ى (alif maksura). Some formula are provided below:
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قَوَلَ > قَالَ خَوِفَ > خَافَ دَعَوَ > دَعَا |
If there is a jabr before the و with harakah it will be transformed to ا
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سَيَرَ > سَارَ مَشَيَ > مَشَى بَكَيَ > بَكَى |
If there is a jabr before the ي with harakah it will be transformed to ا or ى.
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نَسِيَ > نَسِيَ رَضِيَ > رَضِيَ |
If there is a jer before the ي with harakah it will remain as it is. |
Weak verbs are of three types.
Weak Verb ( الفِعْلُ اَلْمُعْتَلُّ )
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اَلنَّاقِصُ ل kalima is weak |
اَلْأَجْوَفُ ع kalima is weak |
اَلْمِثَالُ ف kalima is weak |
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He guided |
(هَدَى (هَدَيَ |
He walked |
(سَارَ (سَيَرَ |
He got |
وَجَدَ |
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He called |
(دَعَا (دَعَوَ |
He said |
(قَالَ (قَوَلَ |
He kept |
وَضَعَ |
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He survived |
(بَكَى (بَكَيَ |
He slept |
(نَامَ (نَوِمَ |
He was cheerful |
يَسَرَ |
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He saw |
(رَاَى (رَأَيَ |
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He got up from sleep |
يَقِظَ |
We have seen about سَالِمٌ verb in the previous chapter. We will see remaining verbs in this chapter.
কোর্স বিষয়বস্তু