التَّمْيِيْز is the masder of مَيَّزَ verb. مَيَّزَ means specifying. Tamij is such kind of اِسْمٌ which helps in clarifying the words before it or to helps in expressing the meaning of the sentence. Example- شَرِبْتُ لِتْرًا حَلِيْبًا I drank one liter of milk. If we say only شَرِبْتُ لِتْرًا then the question arises one liter of what? The ism حَلِيْبًا answered that question. Similarly,إِبْرَاهِيْمُ أَحْسَنُ مِنِّي خَطًّا Ibrahim is better than me in hand writing. Here خَطًّا answers the question of better in what? These are التَّمْيِيْز . Status of tamij is mansub. But if there is harf jaar before it or if it is mudaf ilaihi, then it becomes majrur. As for example:
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I drank one liter of milk |
شَرِبْتُ لِتْرًا مِنْ حَلِيْبٍ |
|
I drank one liter of milk |
شَرِبْتُ لِتْرَ حَلِيْبٍ |
Classification of Tamij:
a) تَمْيِيْزُ الذَّاتِ Tamij specifying quantity.
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We saw eleven students. |
رَأَيْتُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ طَالِبًا |
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I bought 1-meter silk. |
اِشْتَرَيْتُ مِتْرًا حَرِيْرًا |
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Give me two-liter milk. |
أَعْطِنِيْ لِتْرَيْنِ حَلِيْبًا |
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I have one-kilogram oranges. |
عِنْدِيْ كِيْلُوْغِرَامٌ بُرْتُقَالاً |
Points to be noted: If quantifying “mudaf and mudaf ilaihi” comes as tamij, then tamij word will no longer be termed as mudaf ilaihi. As for example- كَفِّ سُكَّرٍ One handful sugar. If it is tamij then it will be كَفِّ سُكَّرًا . Let’s check the following example
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Bring one handful sugar to me. |
أَعْطِنِيْ مِلأَ كَفِّ سُكَّرًا |
b) تَمْيِيْزُ النِّسْبَة Tamij expressing inherent meaning.
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The student is of good character |
حَسُنَ هٰذَا الطَّالِبُ خُلُقًا |
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Belal’s character is good. |
حَسُنَ خُلُقُ بِلاَلٍ |
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Belal is of good character. |
حَسُنَ بِلاَلٌ خُلُقًا |
Some words bring tamij with it. As for example:
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How many sisters do you have? |
كَمْ بِنْتًا لَكَ؟ |
كَمْ |
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Do you have a sack of flour? |
هَلْ عِنْدَكَ كِيْسٌ دَقِيْقًا؟ |
كِيْسٌ |
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He, who will do the good deed of one atom weight can see it. |
فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ |
مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ |
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There is not a single palm size cloud in the sky. |
مَا فِيْ السَّمَاءِ قَدْرُ رَاحَةٍ سَحَابًا |
قَدْرُ رَاحَةٍ |
Quranic example-
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Oh my lord increase me in knowledge. |
وَقُل رَّبِّ زِدْنِي عِلْمًا |
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I am wealthier than you and mightier than you in manpower. |
أَنَا أَكْثَرُ مِنكَ مَالًا وَأَعَزُّ نَفَرًا |
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We don't let the good deeds of righteous go waste. |
إِنَّا لَا نُضِيعُ أَجْرَ مَنْ أَحْسَنَ عَمَلًا |
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I saw a dream of eleven stars. |
إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ كَوْكَبًا |
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And you will see people entering into the religion of Allah in groups. |
وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ أَفْوَاجًا |
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And I promised musa of thirty nights. |
وَوَاعَدْنَا مُوسَىٰ ثَلَاثِينَ لَيْلَةً |
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and (the ones) who have believed have stronger (fervor in the) love towards Allah 2:165 |
وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَشَدُّ حُبًّا لِّلَّهِ |
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What can be a better color than the color of Allah? |
وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ مِنَ اللَّهِ صِبْغَةً |
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Who created death and life so that he can test whoever among you is better in deeds. |
الَّذِي خَلَقَ الْمَوْتَ وَالْحَيَاةَ لِيَبْلُوَكُمْ أَيُّكُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلًا |
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Avoid them who take their religion as mockery. |
وَذَرِ الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا دِينَهُمْ لَعِبًا وَلَهْوًا |
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I have chosen Islam as your religion. |
وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الْإِسْلَامَ دِينًا |
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Surely (prayer) by night is more intense in performance 73:6 |
إِنَّ نَاشِئَةَ اللَّيْلِ هِيَ أَشَدُّ وَطْئًا |
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who were greater than him in power and greater in accumulation [of wealth]? 28:78 |
مَنْ هُوَ أَشَدُّ مِنْهُ قُوَّةً وَأَكْثَرُ جَمْعًا |
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Indeed, the hours of the night are more effective for concurrence [of heart and tongue] and more suitable for words. 73:6 |
إِنَّ نَاشِئَةَ اللَّيْلِ هِيَ أَشَدُّ وَطْئًا وَأَقْوَمُ قِيلًا |
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